Network in Graph Theory

Degree of a vertex

The number of edges that meet at a vertex.

EnglishDegree of a vertex
Bahasa MelayuDarjah bucu
中文顶点的度数

How it is used

At vertex A three roads meet, so the degree of A is 3. In a network with degrees 3, 3, 2 and 2, the sum of degrees is 3 + 3 + 2 + 2 = 10, which equals twice the number of edges, so the network has 10 ÷ 2 = 5 edges.

Where it shows up in SPM

Appears in the Network in Graph Theory chapter (Form 5). Paper 1 often asks for the degree of a named vertex or the sum of all degrees; Paper 2 uses the fact that the sum of degrees is twice the number of edges to find a missing degree or edge count.

Don't confuse it with

Number of edgesDegree counts edges at one vertex, while the number of edges counts them for the whole network; the sum of all degrees is exactly twice the number of edges.
Degree as an angle measureHere degree means the number of edges at a vertex, a whole number with no unit, not the ° used to measure angles in trigonometry.

Open the chapter: Network in Graph Theory →

Frequently asked questions

How does a loop affect the degree of a vertex?

A loop is an edge that joins a vertex to itself. It counts as 2 towards that vertex's degree, because both of its ends touch the same vertex.

So a vertex with one loop and one ordinary edge has degree 3.

Why must the sum of all degrees be an even number?

Every edge has two ends, and each end adds 1 to a degree, so each edge contributes 2 to the total of all degrees. The sum of degrees therefore equals twice the number of edges, which is always even.

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