Operations on Sets

Intersection

The set of elements that two sets share, written A ∩ B.

EnglishIntersection
Bahasa MelayuPersilangan
中文交集

How it is used

If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {2, 4, 6}, then A ∩ B = {2, 4}, because only 2 and 4 belong to both sets.

Where it shows up in SPM

In the Operations on Sets chapter (Form 4). In Paper 1 as multiple-choice listing A ∩ B, and in Paper 2 when a Venn diagram gives n(A ∩ B) and you use n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B).

Don't confuse it with

Union (∪)Intersection keeps only elements in BOTH sets; union keeps elements in EITHER set, so union is usually larger.

Open the chapter: Operations on Sets →

Frequently asked questions

What if the two sets have nothing in common?

Then their intersection is the empty set, written A ∩ B = { } or ∅. For example, {1, 3, 5} ∩ {2, 4, 6} = ∅ because no number is in both.

Such sets are called disjoint.

Does the order matter, is A ∩ B the same as B ∩ A?

No, the order does not matter. Intersection is commutative, so A ∩ B = B ∩ A always.

With A = {1, 2, 4} and B = {2, 4, 8}, both give {2, 4}. You may list the shared elements starting from either set.

Related terms

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