Quadratic Functions and Equations in One Variable

Variable

A symbol, usually a letter, standing for a number that can change.

EnglishVariable
Bahasa MelayuPemboleh ubah
中文变量

How it is used

In the quadratic y = x² − 4x + 3, x is the variable: choosing x = 0 gives y = 3, and choosing x = 4 gives y = 3 again, showing how y changes as the variable x changes.

Where it shows up in SPM

A foundational idea across all of SPM Mathematics, and here the letter x whose value we solve for or vary (Form 4). In Paper 2 you tabulate values of the variable to plot a graph, or solve for the variable that satisfies an equation.

Don't confuse it with

ConstantA variable can take different values (like x), while a constant stays fixed (like the 3 in y = x² − 4x + 3).
CoefficientThe variable is the letter that changes; the coefficient is the fixed number multiplying it, such as the 4 in 4x.

Open the chapter: Quadratic Functions and Equations in One Variable →

Frequently asked questions

In y = ax² + bx + c, which letters are variables?

x and y are the variables that change together, while a, b and c are constants fixed for a particular function. For a specific quadratic such as y = 2x² − 4x + 1, only x and y vary; a = 2, b = −4 and c = 1 stay the same.

Does a variable always have to be x?

No. Any letter can be a variable, questions often use t for time or p for a price.

The letter is just a name; what matters is that it stands for a quantity that can change while you work with the equation.

Related terms

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