Quadratic Functions and Equations in One Variable

Axis of symmetry

The vertical line through the turning point that divides a parabola into two mirror halves.

EnglishAxis of symmetry
Bahasa MelayuPaksi simetri
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How it is used

The parabola y = x² − 6x + 5 has its turning point at (3, −4), so its axis of symmetry is the vertical line x = 3; the points (1, 0) and (5, 0) are mirror images across it.

Where it shows up in SPM

Used when sketching and analysing parabolas (Form 4). Paper 2 may ask for the equation of the axis of symmetry, or use symmetry to find a second point or a missing root when only one and the turning point are known.

Don't confuse it with

Turning pointThe axis of symmetry is a vertical line (x = h), while the turning point is the single point (h, k) that lies on that line.
Line of symmetry (reflection)For a parabola the axis of symmetry is always vertical, whereas a line of reflection in the transformations chapter can lie at any angle.

Open the chapter: Quadratic Functions and Equations in One Variable →

Frequently asked questions

How do I find the axis of symmetry quickly?

The axis of symmetry passes through the turning point, so it is x = h from the form a(x − h)² + k. You can also use x = −b/(2a).

For y = x² − 6x + 5, x = −(−6)/(2×1) = 3.

If I know both roots, where is the axis of symmetry?

It is exactly halfway between the roots. If the roots are 1 and 5, the axis of symmetry is x = (1 + 5)/2 = 3.

This works because the parabola is symmetrical about the vertical line through its turning point.

Related terms

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