Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

Inequality

A statement that one quantity is greater than or less than another, using <, >, ≤ or ≥.

EnglishInequality
Bahasa MelayuKetaksamaan
中文不等式

How it is used

Solving the inequality 3x − 4 &lt; 11 gives 3x &lt; 15, so x &lt; 5; the solution is every value of x below 5, shown as an open circle at 5 on the number line.

Where it shows up in SPM

Introduced in Form 4 (Linear Inequalities in one variable) and used again in Form 5 for two variables. Paper 1 tests solving a one-variable inequality or reading a number line; Paper 2 uses inequalities to set up constraints for a region.

Don't confuse it with

EquationAn equation uses = and has fixed solutions; an inequality uses &lt;, &gt;, ≤ or ≥ and usually has a whole range of solutions.
Strict vs non-strict inequality&lt; and &gt; are strict and exclude the boundary value (open circle); ≤ and ≥ include it (closed circle).

Open the chapter: Linear Inequalities in Two Variables →

Frequently asked questions

Why does the inequality sign flip when I multiply or divide by a negative number?

Multiplying or dividing both sides by a negative reverses the order of the numbers. For −2x < 6, dividing by −2 flips < to >, giving x > −3.

Forgetting to flip is the most common error, so always check with a test value.

How do I write a range like "between 2 and 7" as an inequality?

Combine two conditions into one statement, for example 2 ≤ x ≤ 7 if both ends are included, or 2 < x < 7 if they are not. On a number line, mark 2 and 7 with the matching open or closed circles and shade the segment between them.

Related terms

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