Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

y-intercept

The point where a graph crosses the y-axis.

Englishy-intercept
Bahasa MelayuPintasan-y
中文y 轴截距

How it is used

For the boundary line y = 2x + 1, the y-intercept is 1, so the line crosses the y-axis at (0, 1); substituting x = 0 into the equation gives y = 1.

Where it shows up in SPM

Used when drawing the boundary line of an inequality: knowing the y-intercept and gradient lets you plot the line quickly. It also appears throughout Straight Lines and Graphs of Functions, and in Paper 1 items reading c from y = mx + c.

Don't confuse it with

x-interceptThe y-intercept is where the line meets the y-axis (found by setting x = 0); the x-intercept is where it meets the x-axis (found by setting y = 0).
GradientIn y = mx + c, the gradient m is the steepness while the y-intercept c is where the line starts on the y-axis; they are different numbers in the equation.

Open the chapter: Linear Inequalities in Two Variables →

Frequently asked questions

How do I find the y-intercept from an equation that is not in y = mx + c form?

Substitute x = 0 and solve for y. For 2x + 3y = 12, putting x = 0 gives 3y = 12, so y = 4; the y-intercept is 4 and the line passes through (0, 4).

This works for any linear equation.

Why is the y-intercept useful when shading an inequality?

The boundary of the inequality is a straight line, and you need at least two points to draw it. The y-intercept gives one point instantly at (0, c); pair it with the x-intercept or the gradient to draw the line, then decide which side to shade.

Related terms

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